Early systems used a single-frequency (SF-BIA) current and predictive equations involving the body’s resistance to current flow, and other variables such as weight, height and age. Indeed, BIA is a simple, non-invasive, low-cost device which estimates the total body water (TBW) through the resistance of the body to a small alternating current. Inversely, Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) method is commonly used for body composition assessment in clinical practice and research studies. Nevertheless, DXA requires specialised radiology equipment and is expensive, and thus hardly feasible in routine clinical practice. ĭual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides a rapid and non-invasive assessment of FM (fat mass), FFM (fat free mass) and bone mineral density, and is considered to be the reference method in clinical research. There are several available accurate techniques for the assessment of body composition in human. Thus, body composition assessment is often used in clinical practice for nutritional evaluation and monitoring, such as in investigations of obesity and malnutrition, weight loss composition following bariatric surgery, sarcopenia in aging, osteopenia and osteoporosis. It is widely accepted that body composition can independently influence health.
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